2025-12-23
Selecting vacuum furnace heat treatment fixture that is fully compatible with the furnace type is a prerequisite for ensuring stable operation of the heat treatment process, uniform heating of workpieces, and safe production. Mismatched fixture—whether in terms of overall dimensions, structural design, or interface compatibility—may lead to issues such as inability to load the furnace, uneven temperature fields, damage to furnace components, or even safety accidents. Based on on-site service experience with thousands of customers, Junteng Fanghu has compiled a systematic dimensional matching guide to help enterprises quickly and accurately determine the compatibility of fixture with their furnace types, avoiding risks caused by mismatched selections.
Core Principles of Furnace Type-fixture Matching: Three Compatibilities Cannot Be Violated
The matching of vacuum furnace fixture and furnace type is not limited to simple size adaptation; it requires the realization of three core compatibilities to ensure comprehensive adaptation:
1. Dimensional compatibility: The overall size of the fixture must match the effective working space of the furnace, and the structural size must avoid interference with furnace components such as heating elements and thermal insulation layers.
2. Interface compatibility: The connection part of the fixture (such as brackets and bases) must match the furnace’s load-bearing structure, transmission system, and other interfaces to ensure stable placement and safe operation.
3. Thermal field compatibility: The structural design of the fixture must adapt to the furnace’s heating method and thermal field distribution to avoid affecting the uniformity of workpiece heating.
Step 1: Collect Key Furnace Type Parameters (The Basis of Matching)
Before starting the fixture matching work, it is necessary to accurately collect the key parameters of the vacuum furnace. These parameters are the core basis for determining the size and structure of the fixture. Junteng Fanghu recommends focusing on the following 5 core parameters:
1. Effective working space dimensions
This is the most basic parameter for fixture matching, including the inner diameter/width, height, and depth of the furnace’s effective heating zone. For example, for a horizontal vacuum furnace, the key dimensions are the inner diameter of the furnace chamber and the length of the effective heating zone; for a vertical vacuum furnace, the focus is on the inner diameter of the furnace chamber and the height of the effective heating zone. It should be noted that the overall size of the fixture must be 50–100mm smaller than the effective working space dimensions to avoid contact with heating elements or thermal insulation layers.
2. Maximum load-bearing capacity
The total weight of the fixture and workpieces must not exceed the furnace’s rated maximum load-bearing capacity. It is necessary to clarify the load-bearing capacity of the furnace’s workbench or bracket, and reserve a 10–20% safety margin to avoid overloading caused by temperature changes or uneven load distribution.
3. Heating method and thermal field distribution
Common heating methods include resistance heating, induction heating, and electron beam heating. Different heating methods correspond to different thermal field distributions. For example, resistance heating furnaces have uniform thermal fields in the middle of the heating zone, while induction heating furnaces have high temperature zones near the inductor. The fixture structure must be adjusted according to the thermal field distribution (such as adding heat reflection screens in low-temperature zones) to ensure uniform workpiece heating.
4. Interface dimensions of the load-bearing structure
Clarify the size and distribution of the furnace’s load-bearing points (such as the spacing of support brackets, the diameter of positioning pins, etc.). For example, some vacuum furnaces are equipped with fixed support brackets, and the fixture base must be designed with matching notches to ensure stable placement. For furnaces with a transmission system (such as continuous vacuum furnaces), the fixture must also match the dimensions of the transmission chain or roller table to ensure smooth transmission.
5. Special structural parameters
For furnaces with special structures (such as those with built-in cooling systems, gas circulation systems, etc.), it is necessary to collect the position and size of these special components to avoid fixture interference. For example, if the furnace is equipped with a top-mounted cooling fan, the height of the fixture must be lower than the distance from the fan to the workbench to avoid affecting the fan’s operation.
Step 2: Determine fixture Size and Structure (Key Matching Links)
Based on the collected furnace type parameters, the size and structure of the fixture can be determined. Junteng Fanghu provides targeted guidance for the two most common furnace types: horizontal and vertical vacuum furnaces.
1. Matching Guide for Horizontal Vacuum Furnace fixture
Horizontal vacuum furnaces are widely used in heat treatment of long workpieces such as shafts and rods. The key points of fixture matching are as follows:
2. Matching Guide for Vertical Vacuum Furnace fixture
Vertical vacuum furnaces are suitable for heat treatment of large, heavy workpieces such as molds and structural parts. The key points of fixture matching are as follows:
Step 3: Verify Matching Effect (Avoid Risks Before Formal Use)
After determining the fixture size and structure, it is necessary to verify the matching effect before formal use to avoid production risks. Junteng Fanghu recommends the following three verification methods:
1. Dry running verification without load
Place the fixture in the furnace without loading workpieces, close the furnace door, and perform a dry running test including heating, heat preservation, and cooling processes. Check whether the fixture interferes with furnace components such as heating elements and fans, and whether the temperature uniformity meets the requirements.
2. Load-bearing verification
Place test weights equivalent to the maximum load on the fixture, and check whether the fixture deforms and whether the furnace’s load-bearing structure is stable. It is recommended to maintain the load for 1–2 hours to verify the long-term load-bearing capacity of the fixture.
3. Small-batch trial production verification
Conduct small-batch trial production using actual workpieces, and check the heating uniformity of the workpieces, the deformation of the fixture, and the operation status of the furnace. If the workpiece temperature uniformity is poor, adjust the fixture structure (such as adding heat reflection screens); if the fixture deforms, optimize the structural design (such as adding reinforcing ribs).
Junteng Fanghu’s Professional Matching Service: One-Stop Solution for Mismatch Problems
For enterprises that lack experience in furnace type-fixture matching, Junteng Fanghu provides one-stop professional matching services to help enterprises solve mismatch problems efficiently:
1. On-site parameter collection: Send technical personnel to the enterprise to collect accurate furnace type parameters and on-site operation conditions.
2. Customized fixture design: Design fixture size and structure according to furnace type parameters and workpiece characteristics to ensure three compatibilities: dimensional, interface, and thermal field.
3. Matching effect verification: Assist the enterprise in conducting dry running, load-bearing, and trial production verifications, and adjust the fixture according to the verification results.
4. After-sales adjustment: If the furnace type is modified or the process is adjusted, provide free fixture adjustment suggestions to ensure long-term matching of the fixture and furnace type.
Summary
Determining the compatibility of vacuum furnace fixture with the furnace type is a systematic process that requires accurate collection of furnace type parameters, scientific determination of fixture size and structure, and strict verification of matching effects. Enterprises must not ignore the importance of matching, as mismatched fixture may not only affect product quality but also bring potential safety hazards.
Junteng Fanghu’s dimensional matching guide provides a clear operation process for enterprises, helping them avoid detours in fixture selection and customization. Whether it is a horizontal or vertical vacuum furnace, Junteng Fanghu can provide targeted matching suggestions and customized services to ensure that the fixture is fully compatible with the furnace type.
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